Ubuntu Tips
Contents
- 1 bashrc prompt
- 2 Run Levels
- 3 Install
- 4 Update
- 5 Git
- 6 cmake
- 7 Text Mode for Ubuntu 14.04
- 8 Text Mode for Ubuntu 10.04
- 9 Virtual Consoles
- 10 LXTerminal
- 11 Won't Boot
- 12 ssh
- 13 Using ssh on Mac
- 14 system load
- 15 locate large files
- 16 change hostname
- 17 Printing
- 18 find
- 19 usb udev
- 20 Hardware Info
- 21 Wireshark
- 22 Logs
- 23 Links
bashrc prompt
case "$TERM" in xterm*|rxvt*) PS1="\u@\h:\W$ " ;; *) ;; esac
Run Levels
runlevel telinit 3
Install
- Package search
sudo aptitude search phidget
Each search result is listed on a separate line.
- The first character of each line indicates the current state of the package:
- p, no trace of the package exists on the system,
- c, the package was deleted but its configuration files remain on the system,
- i, the package is installed, and
- v, the package is virtual.
- The second character indicates the stored action (if any; otherwise a blank space is displayed) to be performed on the package,
- i, the package will be installed,
- d, the package will be deleted, and
- p, the package and its configuration files will be removed.
- If the third character is
- A, the package was automatically installed.
The follow provides some of the above info
apt-cache search opencv
- Detailed description of a package
apt-cache show opencv-do
- List the files in a package
dpkg -L opencv-doc
- Find the package a file is in
dpkg -S highgui.h
- Remove unneeded packages
apt-get auto remove
- Get source
apt-get source phidget
- Find installed and look for specific
apt list --installed | grep adb
or
dpkg -l android-tools-ad
- Upgrade a specific package
sudo apt-get install --only-upgrade android-tools-adb
Update
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
See also the Software Updater in Preferences menu
Git
cmake
There is not cmake clean. Remove the build directory you ran cmake in.
Text Mode for Ubuntu 14.04
Reference
Text Mode Login
Setup for text boot. First backup the grub file.
cd /etc/default/ sudo cp -n grub grub.org
Edit the grub file reflect these changes as shown by diff.
diff grub.org grub 11,12c11,12 < GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash" < GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" --- > # GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash" > GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="text" 20c20 < #GRUB_TERMINAL=console --- > GRUB_TERMINAL=console
Update grub
sudo update-grub
Start up X
To start X in this boot session:
service lightdm start
Service and Upstart
To Revert
Revert to X boot.
cd /etc/default/ sudo cp grub.orig grub sudo update-grub
Text Mode for Ubuntu 10.04
Reference: Modify Ubuntu for text mode
- Edit /etc/init/rc-sysint.conf
diff rc-sysinit.conf rc-sysinit.conf.org 14c14 < env DEFAULT_RUNLEVEL=3 --- > env DEFAULT_RUNLEVEL=2
- Edit /etc/init/gdm.cong
root@tabor:init# diff gdm.conf gdm.conf.org 13d12 < and runlevel[!3]
The result in gdm.conf should be:
start on (filesystem and started dbus and (drm-device-added card0 PRIMARY_DEVICE_FOR_DISPLAY=1 or stopped udevtrigger)) and runlevel[!3] stop on runlevel [016]
Warning: Don't have an SD card connected to the USB port - maybe it tried to boot from it?
To get it going in X.
startx
Virtual Consoles
- Ctrl+Alt+F1 to F6 are the virtual consoles provided by the getty/agetty programs.
- Ctrl+Alt+F7 is the console where your X server is running. The GUI (Gnome/KDE or any other) runs over X.
LXTerminal
Needed for demos
sudo apt install lxterminal lxterminal &
To change font size
- Edit > Preferences > Style
Won't Boot
Boot from the 10.04 Install CD.
sudo mkdir /media/tmp mount /dev/sda1 /media/tmp cd /media/tmp/etc fix things
ssh
- OpenSSH Server set up
Two ways to start service
sudo /etc/init.d/ssh start sudo service ssh start
Two was to stop service
sudo /etc/init.d/ssh stop sudo service ssh stop
Using ssh on Mac
ssh -X eepp@10.0.0.122
system load
uptime top dstat cat /proc/loadavg
load from wikipedia
locate large files
sudo find . -size +100M -ls sudo find . -size +1G -ls
change hostname
- Edit /etc/hostname , make the name change, save the file.
- You should also make the same changes in /etc/hosts file.
- Run sudo /etc/init.d/hostname restart or sudo service hostname restart. (There is no hostname init script so I rebooted.)
- change name
Printing
Something like:
- Preferences -> Printers
- Add
- Device first expand Network Printer
- Device choose Network Printer
- Enter 10.0.0.3 as Host and press find
Also install ascii 2 ps
sudo apt-get install a2ps
print 1 column, landscape, line count every 5 lines, 132 char per line
a2ps --columns=1 -r -C -l 132
find
find /opt/ros/jade/ -name *.so -exec grep CamShift "{}" ";"
usb udev
Locate the devices that need permission set
lsusb Bus 002 Device 009: ID 16c0:0483 Van Ooijen Technische Informatica Teensyduino Serial Bus 002 Device 008: ID 046d:c216 Logitech, Inc. Dual Action Gamepad Bus 002 Device 002: ID 046d:0805 Logitech, Inc. Webcam C300
Create the following rules file.
cat /etc/udev/rules.d/95-floor-hugger.rules # Logitech, Inc. Webcam C300 SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ACTION=="add", ATTRS{idVendor}=="046d", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0805", MODE="666" # Logitech, Inc. Dual Action Gamepad SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ACTION=="add", ATTRS{idVendor}=="046d", ATTRS{idProduct}=="c216", MODE="666" # Van Ooijen Technische Informatica Teensyduino Serial SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ACTION=="add", ATTRS{idVendor}=="16c0", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0483", MODE="666"
Hardware Info
sudo apt-get install hardinfo hardinfo&
or
lspci -nnk | grep net -A2
or
lshw
Wireshark
$ sudo apt-get install wireshark $ sudo dpkg-reconfigure wireshark-common $ sudo usermod -a -G wireshark $USER $ sudo reboot
Logs
dmesg
/var/log/boot.log